25.08.2011
Depression
Depression is the most common mental health problem in the United States, with 17 million people each year being diagnosed. Depression can strike people of all ages, races, and economic backgrounds. In children, it is estimated that 1 out of 33 experience depression. This number increases to 1 out of 8 for adolescents.
It is important to know that depression is not just a bad mood or occasional sadness. It is considered normal for people to experience a wide range of emotions, including sadness and irritability. It is also normal for people to experience sadness when faced with a loss or disappointment. These feelings usually lessen with time and do not reach the level of a true depression. However, when a depressive state or sad mood lingers for a long period of time and impairs a person’s ability to function in their life, it can be diagnosed as depression.
Causes of depression can vary. For some individuals, depression is caused by a decrease in the neurotransmitters in the brain that are responsible for good feelings. Genetics also play a role in depression, as depression can run in families. Significant life events can also bring on symptoms of depression. Events such as the death of a loved one, divorce, relocation, losing a job, chronic illness, even a break-up with a girlfriend or boyfriend can bring on depression. For adolescents, emotional and social turmoil can be stressful, leading to depression.
There are different types of depression. Major Depression is a very serious condition often characterized by persistent sadness, feelings of worthlessness, and anhedonia (or the inability to feel pleasure). People with major depression may have problems eating and sleeping as well. It is important to note that in children, major depression is often seen as irritability, anger, and “bad moods.” It is rare that a child will identify themselves as sad. Dysthymia might be diagnosed if the person is feeling down or blue for a period of over a year. It is not as devastating as major depression, but it can be associated with low self-esteem and hopelessness, and can exacerbate into a major depression if not treated. Bipolar Disorder is a mood disorder characterized by episodes of depression and mania (elevated mood). Bipolar Disorder may affect as many as 2% of children. More than 2 million adults have bipolar disorder, which is most likely to develop in late teen years or early adulthood. In children, bipolar disorder can look like severe anxiety, irritability, rapid changes in mood, attention problems, and/or defiance.
Depression must be diagnosed by a mental health professional after a detailed clinical evaluation. Individuals with depression must meet a specific set of symptoms for a determined length of time. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential in helping people experiencing depression. For information, evaluation, or treatment contact Chrysalis Health.
